Łódź, Botanical Garden

Male flowers. Edible plant - inner bark dried and ground into a powder and used in making bread, it is often mixed with oatmeal, a famine food, it is only used when all else fails. Herbal plant - the turpentine obtained from the resin is antirheumatic, antiseptic, balsamic, diuretic, expectorant, rubefacient and vermifuge; the leaves and young shoots are antiseptic, diuretic and expectorant; the essential oil from the leaves is used in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory infections, and also for treating digestive disorders; an essential oil obtained from the seed has diuretic and respiratory-stimulant properties; a decoction of the seeds can be applied externally to help suppress excessive vaginal discharge. Useful plant - trees are very wind resistant and quite fast growing, used to stabilize dunes and in shelterbelts; a tan or green dye is obtained from the needles; a reddish yellow dye is obtained from the cones.