Łódź, Botanical Garden

Native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran. Edible plant - seeds cooked; seeds chopped and roasted is used as an almond substitute; dried, grained and roasted seeds are a coffee substitute; an edible gum is obtained from the bark. Herbal plant - bark is the part of the plant that is most commonly used, though other parts such as the galls, seeds and seed cups are also sometimes used; a decoction or infusion is astringent, antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic, styptic and haemostatic; when taken internally treat conditions such as acute diarrhea, dysentery and haemorrhages. Useful plant - the wood is heavy, hard and durable with small grain; galls are used as a source of tannins.