Łódź, Botanical Garden

Native to much of Europe, Asia, and North America. Edible plant - young fronds cooked, a flavour resembling asparagus, broccoli and artichokes. Herbal plant - the male fern is one of the most popular and effective treatments for tape worms; the root stalks are anodyne, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, astringent, febrifuge, vermifuge and vulnerary; externally, the root is used as a poultice in the treatment of abscesses, boils, carbuncles and sores. Usable plant - a compost of fern leaves is very beneficial on tree seed beds, aiding germination; the ashes of the plant are rich in potash and has been used in making soap and glass; the roots contain about 10% tannin.